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As the Ethereum community gets ready to celebrate the network's 10th birthday, today we're looking back on some of its most pivotal upgrades. Today's Issue ⬇️ - ☀️ Need to Know: BlackRock to SharpLink
A buzzy ETH treasury co scores a big hire. - 🔷 Ethereum: 5 Pivotal EIPs
As ETH turns 10, take a trip back in time.
Sponsor: Unichain — Faster swaps. Lower fees. Deeper liquidity. Explore Unichain on web and wallet. . . . NEED TO KNOW SharpLink's Big Hire - 🪨 Former BlackRock Executive Joins SharpLink as Co‑CEO. The strategic hire accelerates Ethereum treasury ambitions from the top.
- 🌪️ Dragonfly Investors Remain Potential DOJ Targets in Tornado Cash Case. Prosecutors testified they have yet to rule out charges against the firm's investing partners.
- 🟠 Strategy Now Seeking $2.5B from "Stretch" Offering. Strategy continues to raise wild amounts of cash as it barrels forward in its BTC acquisition.
📸 Daily Market Snapshot: Crypto markets slumped Friday and PUMP continued its free fall, dropping another 15% in 24hr trading alongside other high-profile memecoins. | Prices as of 3pm ET | 24hr | 7d |  | Crypto $3.81T | ↘ 2.4% | ↘ 0.5% |  | BTC $116,728 | ↘ 2.3% | ↘ 0.6% |  | ETH $3,656 | ↘ 2.5% | ↗ 3.0% | . . . OPINION Ten Years of Improving Ethereum As Ethereum turns 10 years old, it's important to remember that what makes this community special is that we've rallied around a living, breathing machine undergoing constant transformation. While its north star remains fixed on providing decentralized compute, the tools and mechanics behind this mission evolve through the Ethereum Improvement Proposal (EIP) system. The EIP process is open to anyone – from developers to researchers to everyday users – who can propose upgrades for the Ethereum network. Whether technical tweaks or monumental changes in scope, these proposals work in concert to refine Ethereum into the blockchain of the future. In this article, we break down five of the most pivotal EIPs that define the Ethereum you know today.👇 1️⃣ EIP-20: Token StandardFirst proposed as a universal token standard by Fabian Vogelsteller and Vitalik Buterin in 2015, EIP-20 prescribed the mandatory functions and events a token must implement to achieve ERC-20 compliance. This upgrade was adopted in 2017 and streamlined the integration of tokens within Ethereum applications and services. It directly catalyzed the ICO craze by allowing deployers to easily raise funds through standardized token formats with network-wide compatibility. For developers, ERC-20 streamlined the process of creating new tokens while providing immense flexibility in their design, and for users, the upgrade made it easier to interact with a wide variety of tokens, regardless of their specific purpose or implementation. 2️⃣ EIP-1559: Fee MarketsIn 2018, Vitalik Buterin authored the “Blockchain Resource Pricing” paper, in which he advocated for treating blockchain computation as an economically priced utility, where fees should reflect actual costs to prevent network abuse. The result of his thought piece on the matter was EIP-1559, an upgrade that separated Ethereum’s fee market into two dynamically priced components and was formally adopted in August 2021 as part of the London hard fork. Under the EIP-1559 regime, a variable “base” gas fee that positively correlates with computation demand must be paid to complete all transactions. Meanwhile, an optional “tip” is paid to incentivize validators to include transactions in their block. The former component is burned into oblivion and the latter is retained by the validator that produced the given block. 3️⃣ EIP-3675: Proof-of-StakePerhaps the most hyped upgrade of all time, EIP-3675 (more commonly referred to as “The Merge”) replaced Ethereum’s proof-of-work consensus mechanism with proof-of-stake, fundamentally altering the block production process by switching from energy-intensive mining to staking-based validation. The Merge finalized ETH’s transformation into a productive asset, reduced Ethereum’s energy consumption by 99.5%, and put an end to the “beacon chain reward” subsidies used to incentivize validator staking prior to the PoS transition. 4️⃣ EIP-4844: L2 BlobsIn the pursuit of scale, the Ethereum network built L2s, secondary blockchains that post transaction data to Ethereum while enhancing throughput and decreasing fees. These L2 blockchains have always provided greatly reduced transaction costs compared to the Ethereum L1, but their initial fee levels – which amounted to tens of pennies per transaction – were considered too high to achieve mass adoption. EIP-4844 introduced a new type of temporary L1 storage space, called “blobs,” with separate fee markets from “call data,” the standard Ethereum storage space for L1 transactions that retains data indefinitely. The Dencun hard fork brought blobs to Ethereum mainnet in March 2024. Since they’ve arrived, L2 transaction costs have fallen to fractions of pennies and a vast majority of Ethereum transaction activity has migrated to L2s. 5️⃣ EIP-3074: Wallet UXMerged to mainnet in Ethereum’s May 2025 Pectra hard fork, EIP-3074 overhauled wallet functionality by providing standard externally owned accounts (EOA) with smart contract-like capabilities. EIP-3074 enables EOA wallets to sign transactions that authorize “invoker contracts” to act on their behalf; this enables one-click approvals, gasless transactions, and social recovery schemes that simplify the onchain experience (particularly for less crypto-native users). While concerns remain that EIP-3074 increases the attack surface for wallets by allowing malicious actors to drain wallets with a single transaction, others contend that the upgrade abstracts away the complexities associated with EOAs and makes blockchain wallets better suited for mainstream adoption. FRIEND & SPONSOR: UNICHAIN Unichain offers the most liquid Uniswap v4 deployment on any L2 – giving you better prices, less slippage, and smoother swaps on top trading pairs. All on a fast, low-cost, and fully transparent network. Start swapping on Unichain today. | 
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